Chickenpox Disease: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

Health conditions are endless to be detected even in the present times. Nevertheless, a handful of them seem to resurface from childhood to adulthood conversations. One of them, popularly known for the itchy spots, is the Chickenpox disease. Often, it is misunderstood as a one-time concern from childhood, but it affects adults, too and can be more intense when it does. 

While it is not usually life-threatening, the chickenpox disease still needs proper attention. Recognising the early signs and knowing how to manage recovery can make the entire experience smoother. This comprehensive guide outlines the complete path. Let's learn everything about the disease from spotting the early signs to knowing when it’s time to rest, hydrate, or see a doctor. 

What is Chickenpox?

Chickenpox, a viral infection, spreads easily, primarily due to the varicella-zoster virus. Although chickenpox disease was quite prevalent in younger years, the number of yearly infections is now much lower.

Nevertheless, health risks must never be overlooked. The unvaccinated children, pregnant women, and adults with a weak immune system are prone to getting it again. It typically starts with mild flu-like symptoms, followed by a signature rash. Though children usually recover with fewer complications, adults may face a tougher recovery period.

How Does Chickenpox Spread Around?

This virus is so contagious that if someone in your home is infected, there’s a high chance others may contract it unless they’re immune. Understanding how the chickenpox virus spreads can help minimise contact and control further transmission. Varicella-zoster virus is considered to be the root cause of Chickenpox. It has a high rate of human-to-human transmission and can spread through:

• Direct contact with blisters.
• Airborne droplets from coughing or sneezing.
• Touching contaminated objects or surfaces.

What are the Starting Symptoms of Chickenpox?

The starting symptoms of chickenpox are often subtle, making early detection a little tricky. The illness usually shows up within 10 to 21 days after exposure. If you're wondering how it starts, it begins with general flu-like symptoms before the appearance of the rash.

Here are some early indicators to watch for:

• Fatigue or feeling low on energy.
• Mild fever (can go higher in adults).
• Loss of appetite.
• Headache or general discomfort.

Recognising Chickenpox Symptoms

Identifying chickenpox symptoms early can make a big difference. The rash typically develops in three stages:

Along with these, when chickenpox starts, individuals may experience:

• High fever (especially in adults).
• Body aches.
• Irritability (common in kids).
• Itching and discomfort due to the rash.

What Works as Chickenpox Treatment?

There’s no specific cure for chickenpox, but the symptoms can be effectively managed. Here are some standard chickenpox treatment options:

Rest and Fluids

Plenty of rest and staying hydrated are essential. Drinking water, clear broths, and avoiding caffeinated drinks support quicker healing.

Anti-itch Lotions

Calamine lotion and oatmeal baths help soothe the itching. Loose-fitting cotton clothes also reduce skin irritation.

Antiviral Medication

In severe cases, especially for high-risk individuals, doctors may prescribe antiviral drugs such as acyclovir. These work best when started early.

Fever Management

Paracetamol can help lower fever and ease body pain. Avoid ibuprofen or aspirin as they may cause complications in chickenpox.

Who Should See a Doctor?

If you or your child shows the starting symptoms of chickenpox, you should see a doctor when:

• When the rash affects the eyes or causes considerable pain.
• Fever rises above 102°F (38.9°C).
• Breathing becomes difficult.
• There’s confusion or prolonged weakness.
• The rash shows signs of infection (redness, pus, swelling).

How to Prevent the Spread of Chickenpox?

Preventing the spread of chickenpox is equally important as treating it. Below are successful strategies for personal and communal safety:

Vaccination

The best defence against chickenpox is immunisation. The varicella vaccine is both safe and potent, offering protection from the virus and any associated issues.

Avoiding Exposure

People infected with the chickenpox virus should remain isolated until all blisters have crusted over. This usually takes 7–10 days.

Hygiene Practices

Washing hands frequently, not sharing clothes, towels, or bedding, and cleaning surfaces can reduce virus spread.

Home Remedies to Manage Discomfort

While medical care is essential, these home remedies can ease some discomfort:

• Apply cool compresses to reduce itching.
• Dab calamine lotion on itchy spots.
• Keep fingernails short to prevent skin damage from scratching.
• Use mild soaps to avoid skin irritation.

Why is Chickenpox in Adults More Serious?

Adults often experience a more severe form of chickenpox due to a stronger immune response. The symptoms they are more likely to experience are as follows:

• Higher fever.
• More widespread rash.
• Longer recovery time.
• Increased chance of complications.

Final Thoughts

Understanding how chickenpox starts and its full progression allows for better management and prevention. Whether the chickenpox starts with symptoms or the full-blown rash, early action and proper care reduce discomfort and risks. Thanks to the availability of vaccines, prevention is now within reach for most.

With thoughtful care, informed steps, and the right medical advice, chickenpox disease can be managed safely and effectively. Additionally, having health insurance coverage makes the journey less stressful for patients and their families.

At Niva Bupa, we don’t simply provide financial coverage under the umbrella of medical insurance plans. From an easily accessible network of over 10,000 hospitals to hassle-free claim processes, we support you in every possible manner. Explore our plans for added peace of mind today.

Disclaimer: The details provided above are intended for informational purposes only. For accurate medical guidance, please consult your healthcare provider. Health insurance benefits are governed by the terms and conditions of your policy. For further details, review your policy documents.

People Also Ask

Can adults get chickenpox if they had it in childhood?

Yes, though it is rare. If your childhood case did not lead to lasting immunity or if your immunity has weakened, you may still catch chickenpox again as an adult, and it might hit harder this time.

How do I know if my rash is chickenpox or something else?

Chickenpox rash usually begins as red bumps that turn into fluid-filled blisters and then scab over. If the rash spreads quickly and you feel flu-like symptoms, it’s best to check with a doctor right away.

Is chickenpox contagious before the rash appears?

Yes, someone can spread chickenpox about one to two days before the rash shows up. That’s why it often spreads at home or school before anyone even realises they’re sick.

How long does chickenpox usually last?

In most cases, chickenpox runs its course in about 7 to 10 days. This includes all stages of the rash and the time it takes for blisters to dry out and scab properly.

What foods should I avoid during chickenpox recovery?

Spicy, acidic, or hard foods can irritate your mouth or throat if you have sores. Stick to soft, bland foods and drink plenty of fluids to stay comfortable and hydrated.

Can you catch chickenpox from someone who has shingles?

Yes. If you haven’t had chickenpox or the vaccine, you can catch chickenpox from someone with shingles, as both are caused by the same varicella-zoster virus.

Why do adults experience worse symptoms than children?

Adults tend to have stronger immune responses, which can cause more inflammation. That’s why the fever is higher, the rash spreads more, and recovery may take longer.

Can I still get vaccinated after being exposed to chickenpox?

Yes. If you get the chickenpox vaccine within three to five days of exposure, it can reduce symptoms or even stop the illness from developing altogether in some cases.

Are there complications from scratching the chickenpox rash?

Scratching can break the skin, leading to infections or scars. Using anti-itch creams and keeping nails trimmed helps reduce the risk of causing lasting marks or additional discomfort.